msgcpp(1) User Commands msgcpp(1)NAMEmsgcpp - C language message catalog preprocessor
SYNOPSISmsgcpp [-ACEHMPVX] [-D name[=value]] [-I directory] [-U name]
[-T[length]] [-Y directory] [input [output] ]
DESCRIPTIONmsgcpp is a C language message catalog preprocessor. It accepts cpp(1)
style options and arguments. msgcpp preprocesses an input C source file
and emits keyed lines to the output, usually for further processing
bymsgcc(1). msgcc output is in the gencat(1) syntax. Candidate message
text is determined by arguments to the last <error.h> and <option.h>
functions. The msgcpp keyed output lines are:
cmd command command is a candidate for --??keys option string
generation. This is triggered by b_command(int argc,
in the input.
def name string name is a candidate variable with string value
string.
str string string should be entered into the catalog.
var name If def name occurs then its string value should be
entered into the catalog.
The input source file is preprocessed with the pp:allpossible option
on. This enables non-C semantics. All source should first be compiled
error-free with a real compiler before running msgcpp. The following
changes are enabled for the top level files. Included file behavior is
not affected.
1. All #if, #ifdef and #ifndef branches are enabled.
2. The first definition for a macro is retained, even when sub‐
sequent #define statements would normally redefine the
macro. #undef must be used to redefine a macro.
3. Macro calls with an improper number of arguments are
silently ignored.
4. #include on non-existent headers are silently ignored.
5. Invalid C source characters are silently ignored.
msgcat.h is included if it exists. This file may contain macro defini‐
tions for functions that translate string arguments. If foo is a func‐
tion that translates its string arguments then include the line #define
foo _TRANSLATE_ in msgcat.h, or specify the option -Dfoo=_TRANSLATE_.
If bar is a function that translates string arguments if the first
argument is stderr, then use either #define bar _STDIO_ or
-Dbar=_STDIO_.
The macro _BLD_msgcat is defined to be 1. As an alternative to msg‐
cat.h, _TRANSLATE_ definitions could be placed inside #ifdef _BLD_msg‐
cat ... #endif.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-A Enter the assertion using #assert for system V
--assert=assertion compatibility.
-C Pass comments to the output.
--comments
Comments are omitted by default.
-D Define the macro name to have value. This is
--define=name[=value] the only portable way to pass options through
cc to cpp(1).
o If =value is omitted, value is
assumed to be 1 .
o If name begins with :, then it is
interpreted as a libpp #pragma pp:
statement.
o If name begins with %, it is inter‐
preted as a libpp # directive
statement.
o If name begins with a - or a +, it
is interpreted as a libpp option.
- turns the option on, + turns it
off.
o Most options have a #pragma coun‐
terpart that is listed with the
option definition.
-D-C
pp:compatibility
Preprocess for K&R C compatibility.
-D-Dlevel
pp:debug level level
Set the debug trace level.
Specify level as a number greater than or
equal to 0. Higher levels produce more
output. Levels higher than 3 can only be
enabled in the -g compiled versions.
-D-Fname
Set the main input file name to name. This
only affects the error messages and the
line sync output.
-D-H
pp:hosted
All directories are hosted. Compatibility
warning messages from the hosted directory
headers are suppressed.
-D-I
pp:cdir
All directories contain C headers. This
option is only used only with -D-+.
-D-K
pp:keyargs
Enable the non-standard name=value macro
argument mode.
-D-L[id]
pp:lineid [id]
Set the line sync directive id to id. If
id is not specified, set to null.
-D-M
pp:nomultiple
Disable multiple include detection.
-D-P
pp:passthrough
Enable the non-standard passthrough mode.
This can be useful for processing non-C
input.
-D-Q
pp:dump
Dump macro definitions to the output so
that the output may be passed through cpp
again. This is used for generating precom‐
piled headers.
-D-R
pp:transition
Enable the transition preprocessing mode.
This is used for compilers that cannot
make up their semantics between K&R and
ISO C.
-D-S
pp:strict
Enable strict preprocessing semantics and
warnings. This works with any mode (com‐
patibility, transition, or the default
ISO).
-D-Ttest
pp:test test
Enable implementation specific test code
according to test.
-D-W
pp:warn
Enable pedantic warnings in non-hosted
files.
-D-X[cc]
Preprocess for the cc compiler, which must
be an executable path or an executable on
$PATH.
-D-Z
pp:pool
Enable pool mode.
-D-d
List canonicalized #define statements for
non-predefined macros in the output.
-D-m
List canonicalized #define statements for
all macros. All other output is disabled.
-D-+
pp:plusplus
Preprocess for the C++ dialect.
-E Ignored; for compatibility with very old com‐
--preprocess pilers.
-H Emit #include file paths on the standard
--include-reference error, one per line, indented to show nesting.
-I Append directory to the list of directories
--include[=directory] searched for #include files.
If directory is -:
1. -I directories before -I- are
searched only for "..." include
files
2. -I directories after -I- are
searched for "..." and <"...">
include files
3. the directory . is searched only if
it is explicitly specified by an -I
option
-I-Cdirectory
pp:cdir directory
Mark directory as a C header directory.
This option is used with pp:plusplus.
-I-D[file]
Read the default probe definitions from
file, or ignore the default definitions if
file is omitted.
-I-Hdirectory
pp:hostdir directory
Mark directory as a hosted directory.
Headers from hosted directories have com‐
patibility warnings disabled.
-I-Iheader
pp:ignore header
Add header to the list of ignored headers.
-I-Mfile
file contains a sequence of header [=
"map" ] lines, where header is either
<name> or "name", and "map" is an explicit
binding for header. header is ignored if =
"map" is omitted.
-I-Rfile
Include file but do not emit text or line
syncs.
-I-Sdirectory
Add directory to the default standard
include directory list.
-I-Tfile
Include file and emit text to the output
file. The option value can be omitted.
-M Generate make(1S) dependencies. This option is
--dependencies not needed with nmake.
The -M option can be followed by optional
flags to change the dependency output styles.
The following optional flags are supported:
D Generate dependencies in a separate .d
file. Preprocessed output is still writ‐
ten to output, or the standard output if
output is omitted.
G Also generate missing dependencies.
M Only generate local header dependencies.
Hosted headers are omitted. Hosted head‐
ers are determined by the -I-H option and
the --pp:hosted and pp:hostdir pragmas.
No special distinction is made between
the "" and <> include styles.
-P Emit line syncs.
--sync
Line sync is turned on by default. -P means
--nosync.
-T[length] If not gcc, truncate identifiers to length
characters for compatibility with old AT&T
compilers.
-U Remove the definition for the macro name.
--undefine=name
-V Emit the libpp version.
--version
-X Enable name=value macro arguments for easel
--argmode compatibility.
-Y Add directory to the list searched for
--standard=directory #include <...> files.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
input Specifies C source file to preprocess.
output Specifies output file.
EXIT STATUS
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 Using msgcpp to Extract Localizable Strings
The following example uses msgcpp to extract localizable strings from
the file hello.c, marked using the ERROR_dictionary(), and writes them
to the file hello.mso:
example% cat hello.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/*
* dummy macro to avoid including
* libast headers
*/
#define ERROR_dictionary(x) x
int main(int ac, char *av[])
{
puts( ERROR_dictionary("hello world") );
puts( ERROR_dictionary("hello all") );
return( EXIT_SUCCESS );
}
example% msgcpp-D__STDC__ -D__i386 hello.c hello.mso
example% cat hello.mso
str "hello world"
str "hello all"
AUTHORS
Glenn Fowler, gsf@research.att.com
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
│ ATTRIBUTE TYPE │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
│Availability │developer/astdev │
├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
│Interface Stability │Volatile │
└─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘
SEE ALSOcpp(1), gencat(1), msgcc(1), msgcvt(1), msggen(1), make(1S),
attributes(5)
Kernighan, Brian W. and Ritchie, Dennis M., The C Programming Language,
Prentice Hall, 1988.
SunOS 5.11 9 Oct 2007 msgcpp(1)
