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XDR(3)			 BSD Library Functions Manual			XDR(3)

NAME
     xdr, xdr_array, xdr_bool, xdr_bytes, xdr_char, xdr_destroy, xdr_double,
     xdr_enum, xdr_float, xdr_free, xdr_getpos, xdr_hyper, xdr_inline,
     xdr_int, xdr_long, xdr_longlong_t, xdrmem_create, xdr_opaque,
     xdr_pointer, xdrrec_create, xdrrec_endofrecord, xdrrec_eof,
     xdrrec_skiprecord, xdr_reference, xdr_setpos, xdr_short, xdrstdio_create,
     xdr_string, xdr_u_char, xdr_u_hyper, xdr_u_int, xdr_u_long,
     xdr_u_longlong_t, xdr_u_short, xdr_union, xdr_vector, xdr_void,
     xdr_wrapstring — library routines for external data representation

LIBRARY
     Standard C Library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS
     #include <rpc/types.h>
     #include <rpc/xdr.h>

     See DESCRIPTION for function declarations.

DESCRIPTION
     These routines allow C programmers to describe arbitrary data structures
     in a machine-independent fashion.	Data for remote procedure calls are
     transmitted using these routines.

     int
     xdr_array(XDR *xdrs, char **arrp, u_int *sizep, u_int maxsize,
	     u_int elsize, xdrproc_t elproc)

	     A filter primitive that translates between variable-length arrays
	     and their corresponding external representations.	The arrp argu‐
	     ment is the address of the pointer to the array, while sizep is
	     the address of the element count of the array; this element count
	     cannot exceed maxsize.  The elsize argument is the sizeof each of
	     the array's elements, and elproc is an XDR filter that translates
	     between the array elements' C form, and their external represen‐
	     tation.  This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_bool(XDR *xdrs, bool_t *bp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between booleans (C integers)
	     and their external representations.  When encoding data, this
	     filter produces values of either one or zero.  This routine
	     returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_bytes(XDR *xdrs, char **sp, u_int *sizep, u_int maxsize)

	     A filter primitive that translates between counted byte strings
	     and their external representations.  The sp argument is the
	     address of the string pointer.  The length of the string is
	     located at address sizep; strings cannot be longer than maxsize.
	     This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_char(XDR *xdrs, char *cp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C characters and their
	     external representations.	This routine returns one if it suc‐
	     ceeds, zero otherwise.  Note: encoded characters are not packed,
	     and occupy 4 bytes each.  For arrays of characters, it is worth‐
	     while to consider xdr_bytes(), xdr_opaque() or xdr_string().

     void
     xdr_destroy(XDR *xdrs)

	     A macro that invokes the destroy routine associated with the XDR
	     stream, xdrs.  Destruction usually involves freeing private data
	     structures associated with the stream.  Using xdrs after invoking
	     xdr_destroy() is undefined.

     int
     xdr_double(XDR *xdrs, double *dp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C double precision
	     numbers and their external representations.  This routine returns
	     one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_enum(XDR *xdrs, enum_t *ep)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C enums (actually
	     integers) and their external representations.  This routine
	     returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_float(XDR *xdrs, float *fp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C floats and their
	     external representations.	This routine returns one if it suc‐
	     ceeds, zero otherwise.

     void
     xdr_free(xdrproc_t proc, void *objp)

	     Generic freeing routine.  The first argument is the XDR routine
	     for the object being freed.  The second argument is a pointer to
	     the object itself.	 Note: the pointer passed to this routine is
	     not freed, but what it points to is freed (recursively).

     u_int
     xdr_getpos(XDR *xdrs)

	     A macro that invokes the get-position routine associated with the
	     XDR stream, xdrs.	The routine returns an unsigned integer, which
	     indicates the position of the XDR byte stream.  A desirable fea‐
	     ture of XDR streams is that simple arithmetic works with this
	     number, although the XDR stream instances need not guarantee
	     this.

     int
     xdr_hyper(XDR *xdrs, quad_t *llp)
	     A filter primitive that translates between ANSI C long long inte‐
	     gers and their external representations.  This routine returns
	     one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     long *
     xdr_inline(XDR *xdrs, int len)

	     A macro that invokes the in-line routine associated with the XDR
	     stream, xdrs.  The routine returns a pointer to a contiguous
	     piece of the stream's buffer; len is the byte length of the
	     desired buffer.  Note: pointer is cast to long *.

	     Warning: xdr_inline() may return NULL (0) if it cannot allocate a
	     contiguous piece of a buffer.  Therefore the behavior may vary
	     among stream instances; it exists for the sake of efficiency.

     int
     xdr_int(XDR *xdrs, int *ip)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C integers and their
	     external representations.	This routine returns one if it suc‐
	     ceeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_long(XDR *xdrs, long *lp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C long integers and
	     their external representations.  This routine returns one if it
	     succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_longlong_t(XDR *xdrs, quad_t *llp)
	     A filter primitive that translates between ANSI C long long inte‐
	     gers and their external representations.  This routine returns
	     one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     void
     xdrmem_create(XDR *xdrs, char *addr, u_int size, enum xdr_op op)

	     This routine initializes the XDR stream object pointed to by
	     xdrs.  The stream's data is written to, or read from, a chunk of
	     memory at location addr whose length is no more than size bytes
	     long.  The op argument determines the direction of the XDR stream
	     (either XDR_ENCODE, XDR_DECODE, or XDR_FREE).

     int
     xdr_opaque(XDR *xdrs, char *cp, u_int cnt)

	     A filter primitive that translates between fixed size opaque data
	     and its external representation.  The cp argument is the address
	     of the opaque object, and cnt is its size in bytes.  This routine
	     returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_pointer(XDR *xdrs, char **objpp, u_int objsize, xdrproc_t xdrobj)

	     Like xdr_reference() except that it serializes NULL pointers,
	     whereas xdr_reference() does not.	Thus, xdr_pointer() can repre‐
	     sent recursive data structures, such as binary trees or linked
	     lists.

     void
     xdrrec_create(XDR *xdrs, u_int sendsize, u_int recvsize, void *handle,
	     int (*readit)(), int (*writeit)())

	     This routine initializes the XDR stream object pointed to by
	     xdrs.  The stream's data is written to a buffer of size sendsize;
	     a value of zero indicates the system should use a suitable
	     default.  The stream's data is read from a buffer of size
	     recvsize; it too can be set to a suitable default by passing a
	     zero value.  When a stream's output buffer is full, writeit() is
	     called.  Similarly, when a stream's input buffer is empty,
	     readit() is called.  The behavior of these two routines is simi‐
	     lar to the system calls read(2) and write(2), except that handle
	     is passed to the former routines as the first argument.  Note:
	     the XDR stream's op field must be set by the caller.

	     Warning: this XDR stream implements an intermediate record
	     stream.  Therefore there are additional bytes in the stream to
	     provide record boundary information.

     int
     xdrrec_endofrecord(XDR *xdrs, int sendnow)

	     This routine can be invoked only on streams created by
	     xdrrec_create().  The data in the output buffer is marked as a
	     completed record, and the output buffer is optionally written out
	     if sendnow is non-zero.  This routine returns one if it succeeds,
	     zero otherwise.

     int
     xdrrec_eof(XDR *xdrs)

	     This routine can be invoked only on streams created by
	     xdrrec_create().  After consuming the rest of the current record
	     in the stream, this routine returns one if the stream has no more
	     input, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdrrec_skiprecord(XDR *xdrs)

	     This routine can be invoked only on streams created by
	     xdrrec_create().  It tells the XDR implementation that the rest
	     of the current record in the stream's input buffer should be dis‐
	     carded.  This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_reference(XDR *xdrs, char **pp, u_int size, xdrproc_t proc)

	     A primitive that provides pointer chasing within structures.  The
	     pp argument is the address of the pointer; size is the sizeof the
	     structure that *pp points to; and proc is an XDR procedure that
	     filters the structure between its C form and its external repre‐
	     sentation.	 This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero other‐
	     wise.

	     Warning: this routine does not understand NULL pointers.  Use
	     xdr_pointer() instead.

     int
     xdr_setpos(XDR *xdrs, u_int pos)

	     A macro that invokes the set position routine associated with the
	     XDR stream xdrs.  The pos argument is a position value obtained
	     from xdr_getpos().	 This routine returns one if the XDR stream
	     could be repositioned, and zero otherwise.

	     Warning: it is difficult to reposition some types of XDR streams,
	     so this routine may fail with one type of stream and succeed with
	     another.

     int
     xdr_short(XDR *xdrs, short *sp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C short integers and
	     their external representations.  This routine returns one if it
	     succeeds, zero otherwise.

     #ifdef _STDIO_H_
     /* XDR using stdio library */
     void
     xdrstdio_create(XDR *xdrs, FILE *file, enum xdr_op op)
     #endif

	     This routine initializes the XDR stream object pointed to by
	     xdrs.  The XDR stream data is written to, or read from, the Stan‐
	     dard I/O stream file.  The op argument determines the direction
	     of the XDR stream (either XDR_ENCODE, XDR_DECODE, or XDR_FREE).

	     Warning: the destroy routine associated with such XDR streams
	     calls fflush(3) on the file stream, but never fclose(3).

     int
     xdr_string(XDR *xdrs, char **sp, u_int maxsize)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C strings and their
	     corresponding external representations.  Strings cannot be longer
	     than maxsize.  Note: sp is the address of the string's pointer.
	     This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_u_char(XDR *xdrs, unsigned char *ucp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between unsigned C characters
	     and their external representations.  This routine returns one if
	     it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_u_hyper(XDR *xdrs, u_quad_t *ullp)
	     A filter primitive that translates between unsigned ANSI C long
	     long integers and their external representations.	This routine
	     returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_u_int(XDR *xdrs, unsigned *up)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C unsigned integers
	     and their external representations.  This routine returns one if
	     it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_u_long(XDR *xdrs, unsigned long *ulp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C unsigned long inte‐
	     gers and their external representations.  This routine returns
	     one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_u_longlong_t(XDR *xdrs, u_quad_t *ullp)
	     A filter primitive that translates between unsigned ANSI C long
	     long integers and their external representations.	This routine
	     returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_u_short(XDR *xdrs, unsigned short *usp)

	     A filter primitive that translates between C unsigned short inte‐
	     gers and their external representations.  This routine returns
	     one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_union(XDR *xdrs, enum_t *dscmp, char *unp,
	     const struct xdr_discrim *choices, xdrproc_t defaultarm)

	     A filter primitive that translates between a discriminated C
	     union and its corresponding external representation.  It first
	     translates the discriminant of the union located at dscmp.	 This
	     discriminant is always an enum_t.	Next the union located at unp
	     is translated.  The choices argument is a pointer to an array of
	     xdr_discrim structures.  Each structure contains an ordered pair
	     of [value, proc].	If the union's discriminant is equal to the
	     associated value, then the proc() is called to translate the
	     union.  The end of the xdr_discrim structure array is denoted by
	     a routine of value NULL.  If the discriminant is not found in the
	     choices array, then the defaultarm() procedure is called (if it
	     is not NULL).  Returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_vector(XDR *xdrs, char *arrp, u_int size, u_int elsize,
	     xdrproc_t elproc)

	     A filter primitive that translates between fixed-length arrays
	     and their corresponding external representations.	The arrp argu‐
	     ment is the address of the pointer to the array, while size is
	     the element count of the array.  The elsize argument is the
	     sizeof each of the array's elements, and elproc is an XDR filter
	     that translates between the array elements' C form, and their
	     external representation.  This routine returns one if it suc‐
	     ceeds, zero otherwise.

     int
     xdr_void(void)

	     This routine always returns one.  It may be passed to RPC rou‐
	     tines that require a function argument, where nothing is to be
	     done.

     int
     xdr_wrapstring(XDR *xdrs, char **sp)

	     A primitive that calls xdr_string(xdrs, sp, MAXUN.UNSIGNED);
	     where MAXUN.UNSIGNED is the maximum value of an unsigned integer.
	     The xdr_wrapstring() function is handy because the RPC package
	     passes a maximum of two XDR routines as arguments, and
	     xdr_string(), one of the most frequently used primitives,
	     requires three.  Returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.

SEE ALSO
     rpc(3)

     eXternal Data Representation Standard: Protocol Specification.

     eXternal Data Representation: Sun Technical Notes.

     XDR: External Data Representation Standard, Sun Microsystems, Inc.,
     USC-ISI, RFC1014.

BSD			       February 16, 1988			   BSD
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