fdformat(1) User Commands fdformat(1)NAMEfdformat - format floppy diskette or PCMCIA memory card
SYNOPSISfdformat [-dDeEfHlLmMUqvx] [-b label] [-B filename] [-t dostype] [dev‐
name]
DESCRIPTION
The fdformat utility has been superseded by rmformat(1), which provides
most but not all of fdformat's functionality.
fdformat is used to format diskettes and PCMCIA memory cards. All new
blank diskettes or PCMCIA memory cards must be formatted before they
can be used.
fdformat formats and verifies the media and indicates whether any bad
sectors were encountered. All existing data on the diskette or PCMCIA
memory card, if any, is destroyed by formatting. If no device name is
given, fdformat uses the diskette as a default.
By default, fdformat uses the configured capacity of the drive to for‐
mat the diskette. A 3.5 inch high-density drive uses diskettes with a
formatted capacity of 1.44MB. A 5.25 inch high-density drive uses
diskettes with a formatted capacity of 1.2MB. In either case, a density
option does not have to be specified to fdformat. However, a density
option must be specified when using a diskette with a lower capacity
than the drive's default. Use the -H option to format high-density
diskettes (1.44MB capacity) in an extra-high-density (ED) drive. Use
the -D option, the -l option, or the -L option to format double- den‐
sity (or low-density) diskettes (720KB capacity) in an HD or ED drive.
To format medium-density diskettes (1.2MB capacity), use the -M option
with -t nec (this is the same as using the -m option with -t nec).
Extended density uses double-sided, extended-density or extra-high-den‐
sity (DS/ED) diskettes. Medium and high densities use the same media:
double-sided, high-density (DS/HD) diskettes. Double (low) density uses
double-sided, double-density (DS/DD
D) diskettes. Substituting diskettes of one density for diskettes of
either a higher or lower density generally does not work. Data
integrity cannot be assured whenever a diskette is formatted to a
capacity not matching its density.
A PCMCIA memory card with densities from 512KB to 64MB may be format‐
ted.
fdformat writes new identification and data fields for each sector on
all tracks unless the -x option is specified. For diskettes, each sec‐
tor is verified if the -v option is specified.
After formatting and verifying, fdformat writes an operating-system
label on block 0. Use the -t dos option (same as the -d option) to put
an MS-DOS file system on the diskette or PCMCIA memory card after the
format is done. Use the -t nec option with the -M option (same as the
-m option) to put an NEC-DOS file system on a diskette. Otherwise,
fdformat writes a SunOS label in block 0.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-b label Labels the media with volume label. A SunOS volume
label is restricted to 8 characters. A DOS volume label
is restricted to 11 upper-case characters.
-B filename Installs special boot loader in filename on an MS-DOS
diskette. This option is only meaningful when the -d
option (or -t dos) is also specified.
-D Formats a 720KB (3.5 inch) or 360KB (5.25 inch) double-
density diskette (same as the -l or -L options). This
is the default for double-density type drives. It is
needed if the drive is a high- or extended-density
type.
-e Ejects the diskette when done. This feature is not
available on all systems.
-E Formats a 2.88MB (3.5 inch) extended-density diskette.
This is the default for extended-density type drives.
-f Forces formatting, that is, this option does not ask
for confirmation before starting format.
-H Formats a 1.44MB (3.5 inch) or 1.2MB (5.25 inch) high-
density diskette. This is the default for high-density
type drives; it is needed if the drive is the extended-
density type.
-M Writes a 1.2MB (3.5 inch) medium-density format on a
high-density diskette (use only with the -t nec
option). This is the same as using -m.
This feature is not available on all systems.
-q Quiet; does not print status messages.
-t dos Installs an MS-DOS file system and boot sector format‐
ting. This is equivalent to the DOS format command or
the -d option.
-t nec Installs an NEC-DOS file system and boot sector on the
disk after formatting. This should be used only with
the -M option. This feature is not available on all
systems.
-U Performs umount on any file systems and then formats.
See mount(1M).
-v Verifies each block of the diskette after the format.
-x Skips the format and only writes a SunOS label or an
MS-DOS file system.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
devname Replaces devname with rdiskette0 (systems without Vol‐
ume Management) or floppy0 (systems with Volume Manage‐
ment) to use the first drive or rdiskette1 (systems
without Volume Management) or floppy1 (systems with
Volume Management) to use the second drive. If devname
is omitted, the first drive, if one exists, is used.
For PCMCIA memory cards, replace devname with the
device name for the PCMCIA memory card which resides in
/dev/rdsk/cNtNdNsN or /dev/dsk/cNtNdNsN. If devname is
omitted, the default diskette drive, if one exists, is
used.
If devname is omitted, the default diskette drive, if
one exists, will be used. N represents a decimal number
and can be specified as follows:
cN Controller N
tN Technology type N:
0x1 ROM
0x2 OTPROM
0x3 EPROM
0x4 EEPROM
0x5 FLASH
0x6 SRAM
0x7 DRAM
dN Technology region in type N.
sN Slice N.
The following options are provided for compatibility
with previous versions of fdformat. Their use is dis‐
couraged.
-d Formats an MS-DOS floppy diskette or PCMCIA
memory card (same as -t dos). This is equiva‐
lent to the MS-DOS FORMAT command.
-l Formats a 720KB (3.5 inch) or 360KB (5.25
inch) double-density diskette (same as -D or
-L). This is the default for double-density
type drives; it is needed if the drive is the
high- or extended-density type.
-L Formats a 720KB (3.5 inch) or 360KB (5.25
inch) double-density diskette (same as -l or
-D). This is the default for double-density
type drives.
-m Writes a 1.2 MB (3.5 inch) medium- density
format on a high-density diskette (use only
with the- t nec option). This is the same as
using -M. This feature is not available on all
systems.
FILES
/vol/dev/diskette0 Directory providing block device access
for the media in floppy drive 0.
/vol/dev/diskette0 Directory providing character device
access for the media in floppy drive 0.
/vol/dev/aliases/floppy0 Symbolic link to the character device
for the media in floppy drive 0.
/dev/rdiskette Directory providing character device
access for the media in the primary
floppy drive, usually drive 0.
/vol/dev/dsk/cNtNdNsN Directory providing block device access
for the PCMCIA memory card. See OPER‐
ANDS for a description of N.
/vol/dev/rdsk/cNtNdNsN Directory providing character device
access for the PCMCIA memory card. See
OPERANDS for a description of N.
/vol/dev/aliases/pcmemS Symbolic link to the character device
for the PCMCIA memory card in socket S
where S represents a PCMCIA socket num‐
ber.
/dev/rdsk/cNtNdNsN Directory providing character device
access for the PCMCIA memory card. See
OPERANDS for a description of N.
/dev/dsk/cNtNdNsN Directory providing block device access
for the PCMCIA memory card. See OPER‐
ANDS for a description of N.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
│ATTRIBUTE TYPE │ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
│Availability │SUNWcsu │
└─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘
SEE ALSOcpio(1), eject(1), rmformat(1), tar(1), volcancel(1), volcheck(1),
volmissing(1), volrmmount(1), mount(1M), newfs(1M), prtvtoc(1M),
vold(1M), rmmount.conf(4), vold.conf(4), attributes(5), pcfs(7FS),
volfs(7FS)
x86 Only
fd(7D)NOTES
A diskette or PCMCIA memory card containing a ufs file system created
on a SPARC based system (by using fdformat and newfs(1M)), is not iden‐
tical to a diskette or PCMCIA memory card containing a ufs file system
created on an x86 based system. Do not interchange ufs diskettes or
memory cards between these platforms. Use cpio(1) or tar(1) to transfer
files on diskettes or memory cards between them. A diskette or PCMCIA
memory card formatted using the -t dos option (or -d) for MS-DOS does
not have the necessary system files, and is therefore not bootable.
Trying to boot from it on a PC produces the following message:
Non-System disk or disk error.
Replace and strike any key when ready
BUGS
Currently, bad sector mapping is not supported on floppy diskettes or
PCMCIA memory cards. Therefore, a diskette or memory card is unusable
if fdformat finds an error (bad sector).
SunOS 5.10 16 Mar 2000 fdformat(1)