OD(1)				 User Commands				 OD(1)

NAME
       od - dump files in octal and other formats

SYNOPSIS
       od [OPTION]... [FILE]...
       od [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]
       od --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]

DESCRIPTION
       Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to
       standard output.	 With more than one FILE argument, concatenate them in
       the  listed  order to form the input.  With no FILE, or when FILE is -,
       read standard input.

       If first and second call formats	 both  apply,  the  second  format  is
       assumed	if the last operand begins with + or (if there are 2 operands)
       a  digit.   An  OFFSET  operand	means  -j  OFFSET.    LABEL   is   the
       pseudo-address  at  first  byte	printed, incremented when dump is pro‐
       gressing.  For OFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates  hexadeci‐
       mal; suffixes may be . for octal and b for multiply by 512.

       Mandatory  arguments  to	 long  options are mandatory for short options
       too.

       -A, --address-radix=RADIX
	      output format for file offsets; RADIX is one of [doxn], for Dec‐
	      imal, Octal, Hex or None

       -j, --skip-bytes=BYTES
	      skip BYTES input bytes first

       -N, --read-bytes=BYTES
	      limit dump to BYTES input bytes

       -S BYTES, --strings[=BYTES]
	      output  strings  of  at  least BYTES graphic chars; 3 is implied
	      when BYTES is not specified

       -t, --format=TYPE
	      select output format or formats

       -v, --output-duplicates
	      do not use * to mark line suppression

       -w[BYTES], --width[=BYTES]
	      output BYTES bytes per output line; 32 is implied when BYTES  is
	      not specified

       --traditional
	      accept arguments in third form above

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
	      output version information and exit

   Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:
       -a     same as -t a,  select named characters, ignoring high-order bit

       -b     same as -t o1, select octal bytes

       -c     same as -t c,  select printable characters or backslash escapes

       -d     same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units

       -f     same as -t fF, select floats

       -i     same as -t dI, select decimal ints

       -l     same as -t dL, select decimal longs

       -o     same as -t o2, select octal 2-byte units

       -s     same as -t d2, select decimal 2-byte units

       -x     same as -t x2, select hexadecimal 2-byte units

   TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:
       a      named character, ignoring high-order bit

       c      printable character or backslash escape

       d[SIZE]
	      signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       f[SIZE]
	      floating point, SIZE bytes per integer

       o[SIZE]
	      octal, SIZE bytes per integer

       u[SIZE]
	      unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       x[SIZE]
	      hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       SIZE  is	 a  number.   For  TYPE	 in  [doux],  SIZE  may	 also be C for
       sizeof(char),  S	 for  sizeof(short),  I	 for  sizeof(int)  or  L   for
       sizeof(long).   If  TYPE	 is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D
       for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).

       Adding a z suffix to any type displays printable characters at the  end
       of each output line.

   BYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier suffix:
       b      512

       KB     1000

       K      1024

       MB     1000*1000

       M      1024*1024

       and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

       GNU  coreutils  online  help:  <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       Report od translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

EXAMPLES
       od -A x -t x1z -v
	      Display hexdump format output

       od -A o -t oS -w16
	      The default output format used by od

AUTHOR
       Written by Jim Meyering.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.	 License  GPLv3+:  GNU
       GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This  is	 free  software:  you  are free to change and redistribute it.
       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       The full documentation for od is maintained as a	 Texinfo  manual.   If
       the  info and od programs are properly installed at your site, the com‐
       mand

	      info coreutils 'od invocation'

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.22		 January 2014				 OD(1)

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