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more(1)								       more(1)

NAME
       more, page - Displays a file one screenful at a time

SYNOPSIS
   Current Syntax
       more  [-NWcdefhiqrsuvxz]	 [-n number] [-p command] [+line_number	 | [-t
       tagstring] +/pattern] [file...]

       page  [-NWcdefhiqrsuvxz]	 [-n number]  [-p command]  [+line_number    |
       +/pattern] [-t tagstring] [file...]

   Obsolescent Syntax
       more  [-NWcdefhiqrsuvxz]	 [-number]  [-p command] [+G] [+line_number  |
       +/pattern] [-t tagstring] [file...]

       page [-NWcdefhiqrsuvxz] [-number] [-p command]  [+G]  [+line_number   |
       +/pattern] [-t tagstring] [file...]

       The more command invokes a filter that allows examination of continuous
       text, one screenful at a time, on a soft-copy terminal.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The page command is equivalent to more,  but  erases  the
       screen before displaying each screenful.

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       more:  XCU5.0

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page	 for  more  information	 about
       industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS
       Suppresses line numbering.  The default display, with line numbers, can
       slow the more command's performance on very large input files. The line
       numbering  feature  displays  the  line	number in the = subcommand and
       passes the line number to the editor (if it is the vi editor.  Provides
       optional	 extensions  to the more command. Currently, the following two
       options are supported:

	      notite Prevents the more command from sending the terminal  ini‐
	      tialization  string  before  displaying the file.	 This argument
	      also prevents the more command from sending the terminal de-ini‐
	      tialization string before exiting.

	      tite  Causes the more command to send the initialization and the
	      de-initialization strings, by default.  Starts each screenful at
	      the  top	of  the screen and erases existing output on each line
	      before displaying a new line.  This avoids scrolling the screen,
	      making  it  easier  to  read  while more is writing.  It is also
	      faster than scrolling on many terminals.	This option is ignored
	      if the terminal does not have the ability to clear to the end of
	      a	 line.	 This  option  does  not   work	  with	 -h.	[Tru64
	      UNIX]  Prompts  you to continue, quit, or obtain help after each
	      screenful of text.  Exits immediately  after  writing  the  last
	      line   of	  the	last   file  in	 the  argument	list.	[Tru64
	      UNIX]  Counts logical lines rather than screen lines;  that  is,
	      long  lines are not folded.  This option is recommended if nroff
	      output is piped through ul, or if more reads any text that  con‐
	      tains  escape  sequences.	  Escape  sequences contain characters
	      that would ordinarily occupy screen positions, but which do  not
	      print  when  they	 are sent to the terminal as part of an escape
	      sequences.  Thus more may think that lines are longer than  they
	      actually	are,  and  fold lines erroneously.  [Tru64 UNIX]  Help
	      mode.  Perform pattern matching in searches  without  regard  to
	      case.   Specifies the number of lines per screenful.  The number
	      argument is a positive decimal integer.  The -n option overrides
	      any  values  obtained from the environment.  For each file exam‐
	      ined, initially execute the more command in  the	command	 argu‐
	      ment.   If  the command is a positioning command, such as a line
	      number or a regular expression search, set the current  position
	      to  represent  the final results of the command, without writing
	      any intermediate lines of the file.  For example, the  two  com‐
	      mands: more -p 1000j file

	      more -p 1000G file

	      would be equivalent and start the display with the current posi‐
	      tion at line 1000, bypassing the lines that j  would  write  and
	      scroll  off  the	screen	if  it had been issued during the file
	      examination.  If the positioning command	is  unsuccessful,  the
	      first  line  in  the  file will be the current position.	[Tru64
	      UNIX]  Requires an explicit quit command, rather	than  quitting
	      automatically,  when  the	 spacebar  is  hit at the end of file.
	      [Tru64 UNIX]  Ignores most control characters that it  does  not
	      interpret	 in  some way.	Control characters that are not under‐
	      stood are displayed as ^C where C represents any such character.
	      Squeezes	multiple  empty	 lines from the output, producing only
	      one empty line.  Especially helpful when viewing	nroff  output,
	      this  option  maximizes the amount of useful information present
	      on the screen.  Suppresses processing  of	 underlined  text  for
	      terminal	display.  Normally, more handles underlining in a man‐
	      ner appropriate to the particular terminal: if the terminal  can
	      perform underlining or has a highlight mode, more outputs appro‐
	      priate escape sequences to enable underlining or highlight  mode
	      for  underlined  information  in	the  source  file.   Write the
	      screenful of the file containing the tag named by the  tagstring
	      argument.	  See the ctags(1) reference page.  [Tru64 UNIX]  Does
	      not display nonprinting  characters  graphically.	 Without  this
	      option,  all  non-ASCII  and  control  characters (except <Tab>,
	      <Backspace>, and <Return>) are displayed visibly in the form  ^X
	      for  <Ctrl-x>,  or  M-x for non-ASCII character x.  Set the tab‐
	      stops every tabs position. The default value for the tabs	 argu‐
	      ment is 8.  [Tru64 UNIX]	Same as if the -v option is not given,
	      but in addition, <Backspace> is displayed as ^H, <Return> as ^M,
	      and  <Tab>  as  ^I.   [Tru64  UNIX]  Starts  up  at line_number.
	      [Tru64 UNIX]  Starts up at the last screenful in the file.  This
	      gives  you an opportunity to scroll or page backward through the
	      file.  Starts up at the line containing the  regular  expression
	      pattern.	 [Tru64 UNIX]  Sets the number of lines in the display
	      window to number.	 The default is two lines less than the number
	      of lines displayed by the terminal; on a screen that displays 24
	      lines, the default is 22.

DESCRIPTION
       The more utility reads files and either writes them to the terminal  on
       a  page-by-page	basis or filters them to standard output.  If standard
       output is not a terminal device, all input files are copied to standard
       output  in their entirety, without modification.	 If standard output is
       a terminal device, the files are displayed (one screenful)  at  a  time
       under  the  control  of user commands.  The more command pauses when it
       encounters a page break (embedded ^L) in text.

       The number of lines available  per  screen  is  determined  by  the  -n
       option,	if  specified,	or by examining values in the environment (see
       ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES).	If neither method yields a number, an unspeci‐
       fied  number of lines is displayed.  The actual number of lines written
       is one less than this number, as the last line of the screen is used to
       display a user prompt and user input.  If the number of lines available
       per screen is less than four, the results are undefined.

       If the terminal type can be determined, the more command looks  in  the
       terminfo	 database to determine terminal characteristics, and to deter‐
       mine the default window size.  On a terminal capable of	displaying  24
       lines, the default window size is 22 lines.

       If  the	program	 is invoked as page, then the screen is cleared before
       each screenful is printed (but  only  if	 a  full  screenful  is	 being
       printed), and k minus 1 rather than k minus 2 lines are printed in each
       screenful, where k is the number of lines the terminal can display.

SUBCOMMANDS
       The more command provides the following subcommands that you  can  type
       when  more  pauses.   These  commands are designed to be similar to the
       commands supported by the vi editor; (i is an  optional	integer	 argu‐
       ment,  defaulting  to 1.) Regular expressions (as referred to here) are
       described under grep.  All three forms display i more lines.   Displays
       i more lines, or another screenful if i is not specified.  Scrolls one-
       half screen forward (displays the next k/2 lines, where k is the number
       of  lines  displayed  by the <Space> command).  If i is specified, then
       the scroll size is set to  i.   Same  as	 <Ctrl-d>.   Scrolls  one-half
       screen  backward.  If i is specified, then the scroll size is set to i.
       Note that if your line kill character is <Ctrl-u>, then	you  must  use
       the  u  command	to  scroll backward.  Same as <Ctrl-u>.	 Scroll back i
       lines.  Same as <Ctrl-y>.  Displays i more lines.  Goes to line	i  and
       displays	 a  screenful, making line i the top line on the screen.  If i
       is not specified, then more displays the first screenful in  the	 file.
       Skips  i screenfuls and prints a screenful.  Skips i lines and prints a
       screenful.  Skips back i screenfuls and prints a screenful.  Same as b.
       Exits  from  more.  Displays the current line number.  Starts up the vi
       editor at the current line.  Displays a description  of	all  the  more
       subcommands.  Searches for the ith occurrence of the regular expression
       expression.  If there are less than i occurrences  of  expression,  and
       the  input  is a file rather than a pipe, then the position in the file
       remains unchanged.  Otherwise, a screenful is displayed, starting  with
       the  line matching expression. You can use Erase and Kill characters to
       edit the regular expression,  which  must  be  terminated  by  pressing
       <Return>	 (with	no trailing / character).  Erasing back past the first
       column cancels the search command.  If expression is  null,  more  uses
       the  last regular expression entered.  Same as /, but searches backward
       in the file.  Searches for the  ith  occurrence	of  the	 last  regular
       expression  entered.  Searches for the ith occurrence of the last regu‐
       lar expression entered, but reverses  the  direction  of	 that  search.
       Returns	to the point from which the last search started.  If no search
       was performed in the current file, returns  to  the  beginning  of  the
       file.   Invokes	a  shell  with	command.   The	% (percent sign) and !
       (exclamation point) characters in command are replaced with the current
       file name and the previous shell command, respectively.	If there is no
       current file name, % is not expanded.  The sequences  \%	 and  \!   are
       replaced	 by  % and !, respectively.  Skips to the ith next file speci‐
       fied in the command line.  Skips to the ith previous file given in  the
       command	line.  If this command is given during display of a file, more
       returns to the beginning of the file.  If more is not  reading  from  a
       file,  the bell is rung and nothing else happens.  Displays the current
       file name and line number.  Exits from more (same as q or Q).   Repeats
       the previous command.  Redraws the screen.  Displays help information.

       The  commands  take  effect  immediately; it is not necessary to type a
       carriage-return.	 Up to the time when the command character  itself  is
       given,  you  can	 enter the line Kill character to cancel the numerical
       argument being formed.  In addition, you can enter the Erase  character
       to redisplay the prompt.

       At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, you can press q.
       The more command stops sending output, and displays the	usual  prompt.
       You  can then enter one of the preceding commands in the normal manner.
       Some output is lost when this is done, due to the fact that any charac‐
       ters  waiting  in the terminal's output queue are flushed when the QUIT
       signal occurs.

       The terminal is set to noecho mode by this program so that  the	output
       can  be	continuous.   Thus,  subcommands you enter do not show on your
       terminal, except for the / (slash), ?  (question mark), and !   (excla‐
       mation point) commands.

EXIT STATUS
       The  following  exit  values  are  returned: Successful completion.  An
       error occurred.

INPUT FILES
       The input files being examined must be text files. If  standard	output
       is  a  terminal, standard error is used to read commands from the user.
       If standard output is a terminal, standard error is not	readable,  and
       command	input is needed, more terminates with an error indicating that
       it was unable to read user commands.  If standard output is not a  ter‐
       minal, no error results if standard error cannot be opened for reading.

EXAMPLES
       The following is a sample use of more in previewing nroff output: nroff
       -ms doc.n | more -s -f

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       [Tru64 UNIX]  Normally, you place the command sequence that sets up the
       environment  variables  in  the files.  Setting them in or will prevent
       possibly unnecessary reevaluation of the variable  assignments.	 Since
       it  is  unlikely	 that you will ever want to remotely execute more (for
       example, rsh <host> more), it is not as important to place them in  the
       files.

       The following environment variables affect the execution of more: Over‐
       rides the system-selected horizontal screen size.  Used by the  v  sub‐
       command	to select an editor.  If this variable is unset, the editor is
       /usr/bin/vi.  Provides a default	 value	for  the  internationalization
       variables  that are unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corre‐
       sponding value from the default locale is used. If any of the  interna‐
       tionalization variables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves
       as if none of the variables had been defined.  If set  to  a  non-empty
       string  value,  overrides the values of all the other internationaliza‐
       tion variables.	 Determines  the  locale  for  the  interpretation  of
       sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte
       as opposed to multibyte characters in arguments) and  the  behavior  of
       character  classes  in regular expressions..  Determines the locale for
       the format and contents of  diagnostic  messages	 written  to  standard
       error.	Determines the location of message catalogues for the process‐
       ing of LC_MESSAGES.  The LINES variable overrides  the  system-selected
       vertical	 screen size, used as the number of lines in a screenful.  The
       -n option takes precedence over the LINES variable for determining  the
       number  of  lines  in  a screenful.  The more command looks in the MORE
       environment variable to preset any desired options; for example, assume
       that you prefer to view files using the -c and -e options. The csh com‐
       mand setenv MORE -c -e, or the ksh or sh command sequence MORE='-c  -e'
       ;  export  MORE	would cause all invocations of more, including invoca‐
       tions by programs such as man and mesg, to use this mode.

	      The MORE variable no longer supports  options  without  hyphens.
	      It only supports white space separated hyphenated variables. Any
	      command-line options are processed after those in the MORE vari‐
	      able,  as	 if the command line were: more $MORE options operands
	      The TERM variable determines the name of the terminal type.

FILES
       Terminal information database.

SEE ALSO
       Commands:  cat(1), csh(1), ctags(1), grep(1), ksh(1), man(1), nroff(1),
       pg(1), script(1), Bourne shell sh(1b), POSIX shell sh(1p), ul(1)

       Files:  terminfo(4)

       Standards:  standards(5)

								       more(1)
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