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<inttypes.h>(P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual	       <inttypes.h>(P)

NAME
       inttypes.h - fixed size integer types

SYNOPSIS
       #include <inttypes.h>

DESCRIPTION
       Some  of the functionality described on this reference page extends the
       ISO C standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature  test
       macro  (see  the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Sec‐
       tion 2.2, The Compilation Environment)  to  enable  the	visibility  of
       these symbols in this header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall include the <stdint.h> header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall include a definition of at least the fol‐
       lowing type:

       imaxdiv_t
	      Structure type that is the type of the  value  returned  by  the
	      imaxdiv() function.

       The  following  macros  shall  be  defined. Each expands to a character
       string literal containing a conversion specifier, possibly modified  by
       a  length  modifier,  suitable  for use within the format argument of a
       formatted input/output function when converting the corresponding inte‐
       ger  type.  These macros have the general form of PRI (character string
       literals for the fprintf() and fwprintf() family of functions)  or  SCN
       (character  string  literals  for  the fscanf() and fwscanf() family of
       functions), followed by the conversion specifier, followed  by  a  name
       corresponding  to  a similar type name in <stdint.h>. In these names, N
       represents the width of the type as described in <stdint.h>.  For exam‐
       ple, PRIdFAST32 can be used in a format string to print the value of an
       integer of type int_fast32_t.

       The fprintf() macros for signed integers are:

		   PRIdN  PRIdLEASTN  PRIdFASTN	 PRIdMAX  PRIdPTR
		   PRIiN  PRIiLEASTN  PRIiFASTN	 PRIiMAX  PRIiPTR

       The fprintf() macros for unsigned integers are:

		   PRIoN  PRIoLEASTN  PRIoFASTN	 PRIoMAX  PRIoPTR
		   PRIuN  PRIuLEASTN  PRIuFASTN	 PRIuMAX  PRIuPTR
		   PRIxN  PRIxLEASTN  PRIxFASTN	 PRIxMAX  PRIxPTR
		   PRIXN  PRIXLEASTN  PRIXFASTN	 PRIXMAX  PRIXPTR

       The fscanf() macros for signed integers are:

		   SCNdN  SCNdLEASTN  SCNdFASTN	 SCNdMAX  SCNdPTR
		   SCNiN  SCNiLEASTN  SCNiFASTN	 SCNiMAX  SCNiPTR

       The fscanf() macros for unsigned integers are:

		   SCNoN  SCNoLEASTN  SCNoFASTN	 SCNoMAX  SCNoPTR
		   SCNuN  SCNuLEASTN  SCNuFASTN	 SCNuMAX  SCNuPTR
		   SCNxN  SCNxLEASTN  SCNxFASTN	 SCNxMAX  SCNxPTR

       For each type that the implementation provides in <stdint.h>, the  cor‐
       responding  fprintf()  and  fwprintf()  macros shall be defined and the
       corresponding fscanf() and fwscanf() macros shall be defined unless the
       implementation does not have a suitable modifier for the type.

       The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as
       macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

	      intmax_t	imaxabs(intmax_t);
	      imaxdiv_t imaxdiv(intmax_t, intmax_t);
	      intmax_t	strtoimax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      uintmax_t strtoumax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      intmax_t	wcstoimax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
	      uintmax_t wcstoumax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);

EXAMPLES
	      #include <inttypes.h>
	      #include <wchar.h>
	      int main(void)
	      {
		  uintmax_t i = UINTMAX_MAX; // This type always exists.
		  wprintf(L"The largest integer value is %020"
		      PRIxMAX "\n", i);
		  return 0;
	      }

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE
       The purpose of <inttypes.h> is to provide a set of integer types	 whose
       definitions are consistent across machines and independent of operating
       systems and other implementation idiosyncrasies.	 It defines, via type‐
       def,  integer types of various sizes. Implementations are free to type‐
       def them as ISO C standard integer types or extensions that  they  sup‐
       port. Consistent use of this header will greatly increase the portabil‐
       ity of applications across platforms.

RATIONALE
       The ISO/IEC 9899:1990 standard specified that the language should  sup‐
       port four signed and unsigned integer data types- char, short, int, and
       long- but placed very little requirement on their size other than  that
       int  and	 short be at least 16 bits and long be at least as long as int
       and not smaller than 32 bits. For 16-bit systems, most  implementations
       assigned	 8, 16, 16, and 32 bits to char, short, int, and long, respec‐
       tively. For 32-bit systems, the common practice has been to  assign  8,
       16,  32,	 and  32  bits to these types. This difference in int size can
       create some problems for users who migrate from one system  to  another
       which assigns different sizes to integer types, because the ISO C stan‐
       dard integer promotion rule can produce	silent	changes	 unexpectedly.
       The  need  for  defining	 an  extended  integer type increased with the
       introduction of 64-bit systems.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       Macro names beginning with PRI or SCN followed by any lowercase	letter
       or 'X' may be added to the macros defined in the <inttypes.h> header.

SEE ALSO
       The System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, imaxdiv()

COPYRIGHT
       Portions	 of  this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       --  Portable  Operating	System	Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
       Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003	by  the	 Institute  of
       Electrical  and	Electronics  Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The  Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
       is the referee document. The original Standard can be  obtained	online
       at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2003		       <inttypes.h>(P)
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