git-rev-list man page on Darwin

Man page or keyword search:  
man Server   23457 pages
apropos Keyword Search (all sections)
Output format
Darwin logo
[printable version]

GIT-REV-LIST(1)			  Git Manual		       GIT-REV-LIST(1)

NAME
       git-rev-list - Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order

SYNOPSIS
       git rev-list [ --max-count=<number> ]
		    [ --skip=<number> ]
		    [ --max-age=<timestamp> ]
		    [ --min-age=<timestamp> ]
		    [ --sparse ]
		    [ --merges ]
		    [ --no-merges ]
		    [ --min-parents=<number> ]
		    [ --no-min-parents ]
		    [ --max-parents=<number> ]
		    [ --no-max-parents ]
		    [ --first-parent ]
		    [ --remove-empty ]
		    [ --full-history ]
		    [ --not ]
		    [ --all ]
		    [ --branches[=<pattern>] ]
		    [ --tags[=<pattern>] ]
		    [ --remotes[=<pattern>] ]
		    [ --glob=<glob-pattern> ]
		    [ --ignore-missing ]
		    [ --stdin ]
		    [ --quiet ]
		    [ --topo-order ]
		    [ --parents ]
		    [ --timestamp ]
		    [ --left-right ]
		    [ --left-only ]
		    [ --right-only ]
		    [ --cherry-mark ]
		    [ --cherry-pick ]
		    [ --encoding=<encoding> ]
		    [ --(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ]
		    [ --regexp-ignore-case | -i ]
		    [ --extended-regexp | -E ]
		    [ --fixed-strings | -F ]
		    [ --date=(local|relative|default|iso|rfc|short) ]
		    [ [--objects | --objects-edge] [ --unpacked ] ]
		    [ --pretty | --header ]
		    [ --bisect ]
		    [ --bisect-vars ]
		    [ --bisect-all ]
		    [ --merge ]
		    [ --reverse ]
		    [ --walk-reflogs ]
		    [ --no-walk ] [ --do-walk ]
		    <commit>... [ -- <paths>... ]

DESCRIPTION
       List commits that are reachable by following the parent links from the
       given commit(s), but exclude commits that are reachable from the one(s)
       given with a ^ in front of them. The output is given in reverse
       chronological order by default.

       You can think of this as a set operation. Commits given on the command
       line form a set of commits that are reachable from any of them, and
       then commits reachable from any of the ones given with ^ in front are
       subtracted from that set. The remaining commits are what comes out in
       the command’s output. Various other options and paths parameters can be
       used to further limit the result.

       Thus, the following command:

		   $ git rev-list foo bar ^baz

       means "list all the commits which are reachable from foo or bar, but
       not from baz".

       A special notation "<commit1>..<commit2>" can be used as a short-hand
       for "^'<commit1>' <commit2>". For example, either of the following may
       be used interchangeably:

		   $ git rev-list origin..HEAD
		   $ git rev-list HEAD ^origin

       Another special notation is "<commit1>...<commit2>" which is useful for
       merges. The resulting set of commits is the symmetric difference
       between the two operands. The following two commands are equivalent:

		   $ git rev-list A B --not $(git merge-base --all A B)
		   $ git rev-list A...B

       rev-list is a very essential Git command, since it provides the ability
       to build and traverse commit ancestry graphs. For this reason, it has a
       lot of different options that enables it to be used by commands as
       different as git bisect and git repack.

OPTIONS
   Commit Limiting
       Besides specifying a range of commits that should be listed using the
       special notations explained in the description, additional commit
       limiting may be applied.

       Using more options generally further limits the output (e.g.
       --since=<date1> limits to commits newer than <date1>, and using it with
       --grep=<pattern> further limits to commits whose log message has a line
       that matches <pattern>), unless otherwise noted.

       Note that these are applied before commit ordering and formatting
       options, such as --reverse.

       -<number>, -n <number>, --max-count=<number>
	   Limit the number of commits to output.

       --skip=<number>
	   Skip number commits before starting to show the commit output.

       --since=<date>, --after=<date>
	   Show commits more recent than a specific date.

       --until=<date>, --before=<date>
	   Show commits older than a specific date.

       --max-age=<timestamp>, --min-age=<timestamp>
	   Limit the commits output to specified time range.

       --author=<pattern>, --committer=<pattern>
	   Limit the commits output to ones with author/committer header lines
	   that match the specified pattern (regular expression). With more
	   than one --author=<pattern>, commits whose author matches any of
	   the given patterns are chosen (similarly for multiple
	   --committer=<pattern>).

       --grep-reflog=<pattern>
	   Limit the commits output to ones with reflog entries that match the
	   specified pattern (regular expression). With more than one
	   --grep-reflog, commits whose reflog message matches any of the
	   given patterns are chosen. It is an error to use this option unless
	   --walk-reflogs is in use.

       --grep=<pattern>
	   Limit the commits output to ones with log message that matches the
	   specified pattern (regular expression). With more than one
	   --grep=<pattern>, commits whose message matches any of the given
	   patterns are chosen (but see --all-match).

	   When --show-notes is in effect, the message from the notes as if it
	   is part of the log message.

       --all-match
	   Limit the commits output to ones that match all given --grep,
	   instead of ones that match at least one.

       -i, --regexp-ignore-case
	   Match the regexp limiting patterns without regard to letters case.

       --basic-regexp
	   Consider the limiting patterns to be basic regular expressions;
	   this is the default.

       -E, --extended-regexp
	   Consider the limiting patterns to be extended regular expressions
	   instead of the default basic regular expressions.

       -F, --fixed-strings
	   Consider the limiting patterns to be fixed strings (don’t interpret
	   pattern as a regular expression).

       --perl-regexp
	   Consider the limiting patterns to be Perl-compatible regexp.
	   Requires libpcre to be compiled in.

       --remove-empty
	   Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.

       --merges
	   Print only merge commits. This is exactly the same as
	   --min-parents=2.

       --no-merges
	   Do not print commits with more than one parent. This is exactly the
	   same as --max-parents=1.

       --min-parents=<number>, --max-parents=<number>, --no-min-parents,
       --no-max-parents
	   Show only commits which have at least (or at most) that many parent
	   commits. In particular, --max-parents=1 is the same as --no-merges,
	   --min-parents=2 is the same as --merges.  --max-parents=0 gives all
	   root commits and --min-parents=3 all octopus merges.

	   --no-min-parents and --no-max-parents reset these limits (to no
	   limit) again. Equivalent forms are --min-parents=0 (any commit has
	   0 or more parents) and --max-parents=-1 (negative numbers denote no
	   upper limit).

       --first-parent
	   Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge commit.
	   This option can give a better overview when viewing the evolution
	   of a particular topic branch, because merges into a topic branch
	   tend to be only about adjusting to updated upstream from time to
	   time, and this option allows you to ignore the individual commits
	   brought in to your history by such a merge.

       --not
	   Reverses the meaning of the ^ prefix (or lack thereof) for all
	   following revision specifiers, up to the next --not.

       --all
	   Pretend as if all the refs in refs/ are listed on the command line
	   as <commit>.

       --branches[=<pattern>]
	   Pretend as if all the refs in refs/heads are listed on the command
	   line as <commit>. If <pattern> is given, limit branches to ones
	   matching given shell glob. If pattern lacks ?, *, or [, /* at the
	   end is implied.

       --tags[=<pattern>]
	   Pretend as if all the refs in refs/tags are listed on the command
	   line as <commit>. If <pattern> is given, limit tags to ones
	   matching given shell glob. If pattern lacks ?, *, or [, /* at the
	   end is implied.

       --remotes[=<pattern>]
	   Pretend as if all the refs in refs/remotes are listed on the
	   command line as <commit>. If <pattern> is given, limit
	   remote-tracking branches to ones matching given shell glob. If
	   pattern lacks ?, *, or [, /* at the end is implied.

       --glob=<glob-pattern>
	   Pretend as if all the refs matching shell glob <glob-pattern> are
	   listed on the command line as <commit>. Leading refs/, is
	   automatically prepended if missing. If pattern lacks ?, *, or [, /*
	   at the end is implied.

       --ignore-missing
	   Upon seeing an invalid object name in the input, pretend as if the
	   bad input was not given.

       --stdin
	   In addition to the <commit> listed on the command line, read them
	   from the standard input. If a -- separator is seen, stop reading
	   commits and start reading paths to limit the result.

       --quiet
	   Don’t print anything to standard output. This form is primarily
	   meant to allow the caller to test the exit status to see if a range
	   of objects is fully connected (or not). It is faster than
	   redirecting stdout to /dev/null as the output does not have to be
	   formatted.

       --cherry-mark
	   Like --cherry-pick (see below) but mark equivalent commits with =
	   rather than omitting them, and inequivalent ones with +.

       --cherry-pick
	   Omit any commit that introduces the same change as another commit
	   on the "other side" when the set of commits are limited with
	   symmetric difference.

	   For example, if you have two branches, A and B, a usual way to list
	   all commits on only one side of them is with --left-right (see the
	   example below in the description of the --left-right option). It
	   however shows the commits that were cherry-picked from the other
	   branch (for example, "3rd on b" may be cherry-picked from branch
	   A). With this option, such pairs of commits are excluded from the
	   output.

       --left-only, --right-only
	   List only commits on the respective side of a symmetric range, i.e.
	   only those which would be marked < resp.  > by --left-right.

	   For example, --cherry-pick --right-only A...B omits those commits
	   from B which are in A or are patch-equivalent to a commit in A. In
	   other words, this lists the + commits from git cherry A B. More
	   precisely, --cherry-pick --right-only --no-merges gives the exact
	   list.

       --cherry
	   A synonym for --right-only --cherry-mark --no-merges; useful to
	   limit the output to the commits on our side and mark those that
	   have been applied to the other side of a forked history with git
	   log --cherry upstream...mybranch, similar to git cherry upstream
	   mybranch.

       -g, --walk-reflogs
	   Instead of walking the commit ancestry chain, walk reflog entries
	   from the most recent one to older ones. When this option is used
	   you cannot specify commits to exclude (that is, ^commit,
	   commit1..commit2, nor commit1...commit2 notations cannot be used).

	   With --pretty format other than oneline (for obvious reasons), this
	   causes the output to have two extra lines of information taken from
	   the reflog. By default, commit@{Nth} notation is used in the
	   output. When the starting commit is specified as commit@{now},
	   output also uses commit@{timestamp} notation instead. Under
	   --pretty=oneline, the commit message is prefixed with this
	   information on the same line. This option cannot be combined with
	   --reverse. See also git-reflog(1).

       --merge
	   After a failed merge, show refs that touch files having a conflict
	   and don’t exist on all heads to merge.

       --boundary
	   Output excluded boundary commits. Boundary commits are prefixed
	   with -.

   History Simplification
       Sometimes you are only interested in parts of the history, for example
       the commits modifying a particular <path>. But there are two parts of
       History Simplification, one part is selecting the commits and the other
       is how to do it, as there are various strategies to simplify the
       history.

       The following options select the commits to be shown:

       <paths>
	   Commits modifying the given <paths> are selected.

       --simplify-by-decoration
	   Commits that are referred by some branch or tag are selected.

       Note that extra commits can be shown to give a meaningful history.

       The following options affect the way the simplification is performed:

       Default mode
	   Simplifies the history to the simplest history explaining the final
	   state of the tree. Simplest because it prunes some side branches if
	   the end result is the same (i.e. merging branches with the same
	   content)

       --full-history
	   Same as the default mode, but does not prune some history.

       --dense
	   Only the selected commits are shown, plus some to have a meaningful
	   history.

       --sparse
	   All commits in the simplified history are shown.

       --simplify-merges
	   Additional option to --full-history to remove some needless merges
	   from the resulting history, as there are no selected commits
	   contributing to this merge.

       --ancestry-path
	   When given a range of commits to display (e.g.  commit1..commit2 or
	   commit2 ^commit1), only display commits that exist directly on the
	   ancestry chain between the commit1 and commit2, i.e. commits that
	   are both descendants of commit1, and ancestors of commit2.

       A more detailed explanation follows.

       Suppose you specified foo as the <paths>. We shall call commits that
       modify foo !TREESAME, and the rest TREESAME. (In a diff filtered for
       foo, they look different and equal, respectively.)

       In the following, we will always refer to the same example history to
       illustrate the differences between simplification settings. We assume
       that you are filtering for a file foo in this commit graph:

		     .-A---M---N---O---P---Q
		    /	  /   /	  /   /	  /
		   I	 B   C	 D   E	 Y
		    \	/   /	/   /	/
		     `-------------'   X

       The horizontal line of history A---Q is taken to be the first parent of
       each merge. The commits are:

       ·    I is the initial commit, in which foo exists with contents "asdf",
	   and a file quux exists with contents "quux". Initial commits are
	   compared to an empty tree, so I is !TREESAME.

       ·   In A, foo contains just "foo".

       ·    B contains the same change as A. Its merge M is trivial and hence
	   TREESAME to all parents.

       ·    C does not change foo, but its merge N changes it to "foobar", so
	   it is not TREESAME to any parent.

       ·    D sets foo to "baz". Its merge O combines the strings from N and D
	   to "foobarbaz"; i.e., it is not TREESAME to any parent.

       ·    E changes quux to "xyzzy", and its merge P combines the strings to
	   "quux xyzzy".  P is TREESAME to O, but not to E.

       ·    X is an independent root commit that added a new file side, and Y
	   modified it.	 Y is TREESAME to X. Its merge Q added side to P, and
	   Q is TREESAME to P, but not to Y.

       rev-list walks backwards through history, including or excluding
       commits based on whether --full-history and/or parent rewriting (via
       --parents or --children) are used. The following settings are
       available.

       Default mode
	   Commits are included if they are not TREESAME to any parent (though
	   this can be changed, see --sparse below). If the commit was a
	   merge, and it was TREESAME to one parent, follow only that parent.
	   (Even if there are several TREESAME parents, follow only one of
	   them.) Otherwise, follow all parents.

	   This results in:

			 .-A---N---O
			/     /	  /
		       I---------D

	   Note how the rule to only follow the TREESAME parent, if one is
	   available, removed B from consideration entirely.  C was considered
	   via N, but is TREESAME. Root commits are compared to an empty tree,
	   so I is !TREESAME.

	   Parent/child relations are only visible with --parents, but that
	   does not affect the commits selected in default mode, so we have
	   shown the parent lines.

       --full-history without parent rewriting
	   This mode differs from the default in one point: always follow all
	   parents of a merge, even if it is TREESAME to one of them. Even if
	   more than one side of the merge has commits that are included, this
	   does not imply that the merge itself is! In the example, we get

		       I  A  B	N  D  O	 P  Q

	   M was excluded because it is TREESAME to both parents.  E, C and B
	   were all walked, but only B was !TREESAME, so the others do not
	   appear.

	   Note that without parent rewriting, it is not really possible to
	   talk about the parent/child relationships between the commits, so
	   we show them disconnected.

       --full-history with parent rewriting
	   Ordinary commits are only included if they are !TREESAME (though
	   this can be changed, see --sparse below).

	   Merges are always included. However, their parent list is
	   rewritten: Along each parent, prune away commits that are not
	   included themselves. This results in

			 .-A---M---N---O---P---Q
			/     /	  /   /	  /
		       I     B	 /   D	 /
			\   /	/   /	/
			 `-------------'

	   Compare to --full-history without rewriting above. Note that E was
	   pruned away because it is TREESAME, but the parent list of P was
	   rewritten to contain E's parent I. The same happened for C and N,
	   and X, Y and Q.

       In addition to the above settings, you can change whether TREESAME
       affects inclusion:

       --dense
	   Commits that are walked are included if they are not TREESAME to
	   any parent.

       --sparse
	   All commits that are walked are included.

	   Note that without --full-history, this still simplifies merges: if
	   one of the parents is TREESAME, we follow only that one, so the
	   other sides of the merge are never walked.

       --simplify-merges
	   First, build a history graph in the same way that --full-history
	   with parent rewriting does (see above).

	   Then simplify each commit C to its replacement C' in the final
	   history according to the following rules:

	   ·   Set C' to C.

	   ·   Replace each parent P of C' with its simplification P'. In the
	       process, drop parents that are ancestors of other parents or
	       that are root commits TREESAME to an empty tree, and remove
	       duplicates, but take care to never drop all parents that we are
	       TREESAME to.

	   ·   If after this parent rewriting, C' is a root or merge commit
	       (has zero or >1 parents), a boundary commit, or !TREESAME, it
	       remains. Otherwise, it is replaced with its only parent.

	   The effect of this is best shown by way of comparing to
	   --full-history with parent rewriting. The example turns into:

			 .-A---M---N---O
			/     /	      /
		       I     B	     D
			\   /	    /
			 `---------'

	   Note the major differences in N, P and Q over --full-history:

	   ·	N's parent list had I removed, because it is an ancestor of
	       the other parent M. Still, N remained because it is !TREESAME.

	   ·	P's parent list similarly had I removed.  P was then removed
	       completely, because it had one parent and is TREESAME.

	   ·	Q's parent list had Y simplified to X.	X was then removed,
	       because it was a TREESAME root.	Q was then removed completely,
	       because it had one parent and is TREESAME.

       Finally, there is a fifth simplification mode available:

       --ancestry-path
	   Limit the displayed commits to those directly on the ancestry chain
	   between the "from" and "to" commits in the given commit range. I.e.
	   only display commits that are ancestor of the "to" commit, and
	   descendants of the "from" commit.

	   As an example use case, consider the following commit history:

			   D---E-------F
			  /	\	\
			 B---C---G---H---I---J
			/		      \
		       A-------K---------------L--M

	   A regular D..M computes the set of commits that are ancestors of M,
	   but excludes the ones that are ancestors of D. This is useful to
	   see what happened to the history leading to M since D, in the sense
	   that "what does M have that did not exist in D". The result in this
	   example would be all the commits, except A and B (and D itself, of
	   course).

	   When we want to find out what commits in M are contaminated with
	   the bug introduced by D and need fixing, however, we might want to
	   view only the subset of D..M that are actually descendants of D,
	   i.e. excluding C and K. This is exactly what the --ancestry-path
	   option does. Applied to the D..M range, it results in:

			       E-------F
				\	\
				 G---H---I---J
					      \
					       L--M

       The --simplify-by-decoration option allows you to view only the big
       picture of the topology of the history, by omitting commits that are
       not referenced by tags. Commits are marked as !TREESAME (in other
       words, kept after history simplification rules described above) if (1)
       they are referenced by tags, or (2) they change the contents of the
       paths given on the command line. All other commits are marked as
       TREESAME (subject to be simplified away).

   Bisection Helpers
       --bisect
	   Limit output to the one commit object which is roughly halfway
	   between included and excluded commits. Note that the bad bisection
	   ref refs/bisect/bad is added to the included commits (if it exists)
	   and the good bisection refs refs/bisect/good-* are added to the
	   excluded commits (if they exist). Thus, supposing there are no refs
	   in refs/bisect/, if

		   $ git rev-list --bisect foo ^bar ^baz

       outputs midpoint, the output of the two commands

		   $ git rev-list foo ^midpoint
		   $ git rev-list midpoint ^bar ^baz

       would be of roughly the same length. Finding the change which
       introduces a regression is thus reduced to a binary search: repeatedly
       generate and test new 'midpoint’s until the commit chain is of length
       one.

       --bisect-vars
	   This calculates the same as --bisect, except that refs in
	   refs/bisect/ are not used, and except that this outputs text ready
	   to be eval’ed by the shell. These lines will assign the name of the
	   midpoint revision to the variable bisect_rev, and the expected
	   number of commits to be tested after bisect_rev is tested to
	   bisect_nr, the expected number of commits to be tested if
	   bisect_rev turns out to be good to bisect_good, the expected number
	   of commits to be tested if bisect_rev turns out to be bad to
	   bisect_bad, and the number of commits we are bisecting right now to
	   bisect_all.

       --bisect-all
	   This outputs all the commit objects between the included and
	   excluded commits, ordered by their distance to the included and
	   excluded commits. Refs in refs/bisect/ are not used. The farthest
	   from them is displayed first. (This is the only one displayed by
	   --bisect.)

	   This is useful because it makes it easy to choose a good commit to
	   test when you want to avoid to test some of them for some reason
	   (they may not compile for example).

	   This option can be used along with --bisect-vars, in this case,
	   after all the sorted commit objects, there will be the same text as
	   if --bisect-vars had been used alone.

   Commit Ordering
       By default, the commits are shown in reverse chronological order.

       --date-order
	   Show no parents before all of its children are shown, but otherwise
	   show commits in the commit timestamp order.

       --author-date-order
	   Show no parents before all of its children are shown, but otherwise
	   show commits in the author timestamp order.

       --topo-order
	   Show no parents before all of its children are shown, and avoid
	   showing commits on multiple lines of history intermixed.

	   For example, in a commit history like this:

		   ---1----2----4----7
		       \	      \
			3----5----6----8---

	   where the numbers denote the order of commit timestamps, git
	   rev-list and friends with --date-order show the commits in the
	   timestamp order: 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1.

	   With --topo-order, they would show 8 6 5 3 7 4 2 1 (or 8 7 4 2 6 5
	   3 1); some older commits are shown before newer ones in order to
	   avoid showing the commits from two parallel development track mixed
	   together.

       --reverse
	   Output the commits in reverse order. Cannot be combined with
	   --walk-reflogs.

   Object Traversal
       These options are mostly targeted for packing of Git repositories.

       --objects
	   Print the object IDs of any object referenced by the listed
	   commits.  --objects foo ^bar thus means "send me all object IDs
	   which I need to download if I have the commit object bar, but not
	   foo".

       --objects-edge
	   Similar to --objects, but also print the IDs of excluded commits
	   prefixed with a "-" character. This is used by git-pack-objects(1)
	   to build "thin" pack, which records objects in deltified form based
	   on objects contained in these excluded commits to reduce network
	   traffic.

       --unpacked
	   Only useful with --objects; print the object IDs that are not in
	   packs.

       --no-walk[=(sorted|unsorted)]
	   Only show the given commits, but do not traverse their ancestors.
	   This has no effect if a range is specified. If the argument
	   "unsorted" is given, the commits are show in the order they were
	   given on the command line. Otherwise (if "sorted" or no argument
	   was given), the commits are show in reverse chronological order by
	   commit time.

       --do-walk
	   Overrides a previous --no-walk.

   Commit Formatting
       Using these options, git-rev-list(1) will act similar to the more
       specialized family of commit log tools: git-log(1), git-show(1), and
       git-whatchanged(1)

       --pretty[=<format>], --format=<format>
	   Pretty-print the contents of the commit logs in a given format,
	   where <format> can be one of oneline, short, medium, full, fuller,
	   email, raw and format:<string>. See the "PRETTY FORMATS" section
	   for some additional details for each format. When omitted, the
	   format defaults to medium.

	   Note: you can specify the default pretty format in the repository
	   configuration (see git-config(1)).

       --abbrev-commit
	   Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object name,
	   show only a partial prefix. Non default number of digits can be
	   specified with "--abbrev=<n>" (which also modifies diff output, if
	   it is displayed).

	   This should make "--pretty=oneline" a whole lot more readable for
	   people using 80-column terminals.

       --no-abbrev-commit
	   Show the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object name. This negates
	   --abbrev-commit and those options which imply it such as
	   "--oneline". It also overrides the log.abbrevCommit variable.

       --oneline
	   This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit" used
	   together.

       --encoding=<encoding>
	   The commit objects record the encoding used for the log message in
	   their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the command
	   to re-code the commit log message in the encoding preferred by the
	   user. For non plumbing commands this defaults to UTF-8.

       --notes[=<ref>]
	   Show the notes (see git-notes(1)) that annotate the commit, when
	   showing the commit log message. This is the default for git log,
	   git show and git whatchanged commands when there is no --pretty,
	   --format nor --oneline option given on the command line.

	   By default, the notes shown are from the notes refs listed in the
	   core.notesRef and notes.displayRef variables (or corresponding
	   environment overrides). See git-config(1) for more details.

	   With an optional <ref> argument, show this notes ref instead of the
	   default notes ref(s). The ref is taken to be in refs/notes/ if it
	   is not qualified.

	   Multiple --notes options can be combined to control which notes are
	   being displayed. Examples: "--notes=foo" will show only notes from
	   "refs/notes/foo"; "--notes=foo --notes" will show both notes from
	   "refs/notes/foo" and from the default notes ref(s).

       --no-notes
	   Do not show notes. This negates the above --notes option, by
	   resetting the list of notes refs from which notes are shown.
	   Options are parsed in the order given on the command line, so e.g.
	   "--notes --notes=foo --no-notes --notes=bar" will only show notes
	   from "refs/notes/bar".

       --show-notes[=<ref>], --[no-]standard-notes
	   These options are deprecated. Use the above --notes/--no-notes
	   options instead.

       --show-signature
	   Check the validity of a signed commit object by passing the
	   signature to gpg --verify and show the output.

       --relative-date
	   Synonym for --date=relative.

       --date=(relative|local|default|iso|rfc|short|raw)
	   Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such as
	   when using "--pretty".  log.date config variable sets a default
	   value for log command’s --date option.

	   --date=relative shows dates relative to the current time, e.g. "2
	   hours ago".

	   --date=local shows timestamps in user’s local time zone.

	   --date=iso (or --date=iso8601) shows timestamps in ISO 8601 format.

	   --date=rfc (or --date=rfc2822) shows timestamps in RFC 2822 format,
	   often found in E-mail messages.

	   --date=short shows only date but not time, in YYYY-MM-DD format.

	   --date=raw shows the date in the internal raw Git format %s %z
	   format.

	   --date=default shows timestamps in the original time zone (either
	   committer’s or author’s).

       --header
	   Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
	   separated with a NUL character.

       --parents
	   Print also the parents of the commit (in the form "commit
	   parent..."). Also enables parent rewriting, see History
	   Simplification below.

       --children
	   Print also the children of the commit (in the form "commit
	   child..."). Also enables parent rewriting, see History
	   Simplification below.

       --timestamp
	   Print the raw commit timestamp.

       --left-right
	   Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable from.
	   Commits from the left side are prefixed with < and those from the
	   right with >. If combined with --boundary, those commits are
	   prefixed with -.

	   For example, if you have this topology:

			    y---b---b  branch B
			   / \ /
			  /   .
			 /   / \
			o---x---a---a  branch A

	   you would get an output like this:

		       $ git rev-list --left-right --boundary --pretty=oneline A...B

		       >bbbbbbb... 3rd on b
		       >bbbbbbb... 2nd on b
		       <aaaaaaa... 3rd on a
		       <aaaaaaa... 2nd on a
		       -yyyyyyy... 1st on b
		       -xxxxxxx... 1st on a

       --graph
	   Draw a text-based graphical representation of the commit history on
	   the left hand side of the output. This may cause extra lines to be
	   printed in between commits, in order for the graph history to be
	   drawn properly.

	   This enables parent rewriting, see History Simplification below.

	   This implies the --topo-order option by default, but the
	   --date-order option may also be specified.

       --count
	   Print a number stating how many commits would have been listed, and
	   suppress all other output. When used together with --left-right,
	   instead print the counts for left and right commits, separated by a
	   tab. When used together with --cherry-mark, omit patch equivalent
	   commits from these counts and print the count for equivalent
	   commits separated by a tab.

PRETTY FORMATS
       If the commit is a merge, and if the pretty-format is not oneline,
       email or raw, an additional line is inserted before the Author: line.
       This line begins with "Merge: " and the sha1s of ancestral commits are
       printed, separated by spaces. Note that the listed commits may not
       necessarily be the list of the direct parent commits if you have
       limited your view of history: for example, if you are only interested
       in changes related to a certain directory or file.

       There are several built-in formats, and you can define additional
       formats by setting a pretty.<name> config option to either another
       format name, or a format: string, as described below (see git-
       config(1)). Here are the details of the built-in formats:

       ·    oneline

	       <sha1> <title line>

	   This is designed to be as compact as possible.

       ·    short

	       commit <sha1>
	       Author: <author>

	       <title line>

       ·    medium

	       commit <sha1>
	       Author: <author>
	       Date:   <author date>

	       <title line>

	       <full commit message>

       ·    full

	       commit <sha1>
	       Author: <author>
	       Commit: <committer>

	       <title line>

	       <full commit message>

       ·    fuller

	       commit <sha1>
	       Author:	   <author>
	       AuthorDate: <author date>
	       Commit:	   <committer>
	       CommitDate: <committer date>

	       <title line>

	       <full commit message>

       ·    email

	       From <sha1> <date>
	       From: <author>
	       Date: <author date>
	       Subject: [PATCH] <title line>

	       <full commit message>

       ·    raw

	   The raw format shows the entire commit exactly as stored in the
	   commit object. Notably, the SHA-1s are displayed in full,
	   regardless of whether --abbrev or --no-abbrev are used, and parents
	   information show the true parent commits, without taking grafts nor
	   history simplification into account.

       ·    format:<string>

	   The format:<string> format allows you to specify which information
	   you want to show. It works a little bit like printf format, with
	   the notable exception that you get a newline with %n instead of \n.

	   E.g, format:"The author of %h was %an, %ar%nThe title was >>%s<<%n"
	   would show something like this:

	       The author of fe6e0ee was Junio C Hamano, 23 hours ago
	       The title was >>t4119: test autocomputing -p<n> for traditional diff input.<<

	   The placeholders are:

	   ·	%H: commit hash

	   ·	%h: abbreviated commit hash

	   ·	%T: tree hash

	   ·	%t: abbreviated tree hash

	   ·	%P: parent hashes

	   ·	%p: abbreviated parent hashes

	   ·	%an: author name

	   ·	%aN: author name (respecting .mailmap, see git-shortlog(1) or
	       git-blame(1))

	   ·	%ae: author email

	   ·	%aE: author email (respecting .mailmap, see git-shortlog(1) or
	       git-blame(1))

	   ·	%ad: author date (format respects --date= option)

	   ·	%aD: author date, RFC2822 style

	   ·	%ar: author date, relative

	   ·	%at: author date, UNIX timestamp

	   ·	%ai: author date, ISO 8601 format

	   ·	%cn: committer name

	   ·	%cN: committer name (respecting .mailmap, see git-shortlog(1)
	       or git-blame(1))

	   ·	%ce: committer email

	   ·	%cE: committer email (respecting .mailmap, see git-shortlog(1)
	       or git-blame(1))

	   ·	%cd: committer date

	   ·	%cD: committer date, RFC2822 style

	   ·	%cr: committer date, relative

	   ·	%ct: committer date, UNIX timestamp

	   ·	%ci: committer date, ISO 8601 format

	   ·	%d: ref names, like the --decorate option of git-log(1)

	   ·	%e: encoding

	   ·	%s: subject

	   ·	%f: sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename

	   ·	%b: body

	   ·	%B: raw body (unwrapped subject and body)

	   ·	%N: commit notes

	   ·	%GG: raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit

	   ·	%G?: show "G" for a Good signature, "B" for a Bad signature,
	       "U" for a good, untrusted signature and "N" for no signature

	   ·	%GS: show the name of the signer for a signed commit

	   ·	%GK: show the key used to sign a signed commit

	   ·	%gD: reflog selector, e.g., refs/stash@{1}

	   ·	%gd: shortened reflog selector, e.g., stash@{1}

	   ·	%gn: reflog identity name

	   ·	%gN: reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see git-
	       shortlog(1) or git-blame(1))

	   ·	%ge: reflog identity email

	   ·	%gE: reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see git-
	       shortlog(1) or git-blame(1))

	   ·	%gs: reflog subject

	   ·	%Cred: switch color to red

	   ·	%Cgreen: switch color to green

	   ·	%Cblue: switch color to blue

	   ·	%Creset: reset color

	   ·	%C(...): color specification, as described in color.branch.*
	       config option; adding auto, at the beginning will emit color
	       only when colors are enabled for log output (by color.diff,
	       color.ui, or --color, and respecting the auto settings of the
	       former if we are going to a terminal).  auto alone (i.e.
	       %C(auto)) will turn on auto coloring on the next placeholders
	       until the color is switched again.

	   ·	%m: left, right or boundary mark

	   ·	%n: newline

	   ·	%%: a raw %

	   ·	%x00: print a byte from a hex code

	   ·	%w([<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]]): switch line wrapping, like the -w
	       option of git-shortlog(1).

	   ·	%<(<N>[,trunc|ltrunc|mtrunc]): make the next placeholder take
	       at least N columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary.
	       Optionally truncate at the beginning (ltrunc), the middle
	       (mtrunc) or the end (trunc) if the output is longer than N
	       columns. Note that truncating only works correctly with N >= 2.

	   ·	%<|(<N>): make the next placeholder take at least until Nth
	       columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary

	   ·	%>(<N>), %>|(<N>): similar to %<(<N>), %<|(<N>) respectively,
	       but padding spaces on the left

	   ·	%>>(<N>), %>>|(<N>): similar to %>(<N>), %>|(<N>)
	       respectively, except that if the next placeholder takes more
	       spaces than given and there are spaces on its left, use those
	       spaces

	   ·	%><(<N>), %><|(<N>): similar to % <(<N>), %<|(<N>)
	       respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is
	       centered)

	   Note
	   Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the revision
	   traversal engine. For example, the %g* reflog options will insert
	   an empty string unless we are traversing reflog entries (e.g., by
	   git log -g). The %d placeholder will use the "short" decoration
	   format if --decorate was not already provided on the command line.

       If you add a + (plus sign) after % of a placeholder, a line-feed is
       inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
       placeholder expands to a non-empty string.

       If you add a - (minus sign) after % of a placeholder, line-feeds that
       immediately precede the expansion are deleted if and only if the
       placeholder expands to an empty string.

       If you add a ` ` (space) after % of a placeholder, a space is inserted
       immediately before the expansion if and only if the placeholder expands
       to a non-empty string.

       ·    tformat:

	   The tformat: format works exactly like format:, except that it
	   provides "terminator" semantics instead of "separator" semantics.
	   In other words, each commit has the message terminator character
	   (usually a newline) appended, rather than a separator placed
	   between entries. This means that the final entry of a single-line
	   format will be properly terminated with a new line, just as the
	   "oneline" format does. For example:

	       $ git log -2 --pretty=format:%h 4da45bef \
		 | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
	       4da45be
	       7134973 -- NO NEWLINE

	       $ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef \
		 | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
	       4da45be
	       7134973

	   In addition, any unrecognized string that has a % in it is
	   interpreted as if it has tformat: in front of it. For example,
	   these two are equivalent:

	       $ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef
	       $ git log -2 --pretty=%h 4da45bef

GIT
       Part of the git(1) suite

Git 1.8.5			  11/27/2013		       GIT-REV-LIST(1)
[top]

List of man pages available for Darwin

Copyright (c) for man pages and the logo by the respective OS vendor.

For those who want to learn more, the polarhome community provides shell access and support.

[legal] [privacy] [GNU] [policy] [cookies] [netiquette] [sponsors] [FAQ]
Tweet
Polarhome, production since 1999.
Member of Polarhome portal.
Based on Fawad Halim's script.
....................................................................
Vote for polarhome
Free Shell Accounts :: the biggest list on the net