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basename(3)							   basename(3)

NAME
       basename,  dirname,  dirname_r  - Return the base filename or directory
       portion of a pathname

SYNOPSIS
       #include <libgen.h>

       char *basename(
	       char *path ); char *dirname(
	       char *path );

       The following function is supported only for backward compatibility:

       #include <string.h>

       int dirname_r
	       char *path,
	       char *buf,
	       int size );

LIBRARY
       Standard C Library (libc)

STANDARDS
       Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry	 stan‐
       dards as follows:

       basename(), dirname(): XSH4.2

       Refer  to  the  standards(5)  reference page for more information about
       industry standards and associated tags.

PARAMETERS
       The string from which the base pathname or the directory portion is  to
       be  extracted.	[Tru64	UNIX]  Specifies  a working buffer to hold the
       directory name component.  [Tru64 UNIX]	Specifies the length of buf.

DESCRIPTION
       The basename() and dirname() functions complement each other. The base‐
       name() function reads path and returns a pointer to the final component
       of the pathname, deleting any trailing /	 (slash)  characters.  If  the
       string consists entirely of the / (slash) character, basename() returns
       a pointer to the string / (slash).  If path is a null pointer or points
       to  an  empty  string,  basename()  returns  a  pointer	to  the string
       (period).

       [Tru64 UNIX]  In applications that are compiled in an environment  that
       excludes	 the  _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED  standard	definitions, the base‐
       name() function returns an empty string if the string consists entirely
       of  the	/  (slash)  character.	If  path is a null pointer, basename()
       returns a core dump. If path points  to	an  empty  string,  basename()
       returns an empty string.

       The dirname() function reads path and returns a pointer to a new string
       that is a pathname of the parent directory of  that  file.  Trailing  /
       (slash)	characters in the path are not counted as part of the path. If
       there is no / (slash), if path is a null pointer, or if path points  to
       an empty string, the dirname() function returns a pointer to the string
       (period).

       [Tru64 UNIX]  In applications that are compiled in an environment  that
       excludes the _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED standard definitions, the dirname()
       function returns a NULL if there is no / (slash), and a	core  dump  if
       path is a null pointer, or if path points to an empty string.

       The  dirname_r()	 function  is  the  reentrant version of the dirname()
       function. It is supported only to maintain backward compatibility  with
       versions of the operating system prior to Digital UNIX Version 4.0.

NOTES
       The  value  returned  by	 the  basename()  and dirname() functions is a
       pointer to a thread-specific buffer whose contents will be  overwritten
       on subsequent calls from the same thread.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  The  basename(),	dirname(),  and	 dirname_r() functions
       belong to a small set of libc functions that  are  handled  differently
       when  compiled in the X/Open UNIX environment. In the X/Open UNIX envi‐
       ronment, calls to these functions are internally renamed by  prepending
       _E  to  the  function  name. The renaming is done only when there is an
       incompatible conflict between an existing version of the	 function  and
       the  version  that  conforms  to the X/Open UNIX standard. The renaming
       strategy supports binary compatibility by allowing applications to com‐
       pile  in	 the  X/Open UNIX environment and also link with site-specific
       and third-party libraries that use the old versions of  the  same  libc
       interfaces.  However,  internal renaming of the calls affects how these
       calls are identified during debugging sessions. Therefore, when you are
       debugging  a  module  that  includes the basename() and/or dirname() or
       dirname_r() functions and for  which  _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED  has  been
       defined,	 use  _Ebasename to refer to the basename() call and _Edirname
       to refer to the dirname call and _Edirname_r to refer to the  dirname_r
       call.	See    standards(5)    for    information    on	   when	   the
       _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED macro is defined.

RETURN VALUES
       Upon success, the basename() and dirname() functions return the	compo‐
       nent  string. Upon failure, these functions return NULL. If there is no
       / (slash), the dirname() function returns a (period).

       [Tru64 UNIX]  In applications that are compiled in an environment  that
       excludes the _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED standard definitions, the dirname()
       function returns NULL if there is no / (slash).

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Upon  successful  completion,  the	 dirname_r()  function
       returns	a value of 0 (zero) and places the directory name component in
       the buffer pointed at by buf. Upon failure (for example, if there is no
       / (slash)), the dirname_r() function returns -1 and sets errno.

ERRORS
       If  the	dirname_r() function fails, errno may be set to the following:
       The value of the buf parameter is invalid or too small.

SEE ALSO
       Commands: basename(1)

       Standards: standards(5)

								   basename(3)
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